Seismic radiation from solar flares

Diana Besliu(1,2), Alina C. Donea(1), Paul Cally(1)

(1)Centre for Stellar and Planetary Astrophysics
School of Mathematical Sciences
Monash University

(2) Astronomical Institute of Romanian Academy
Cutitul de Argint, nr 5, Bucuresti, RO-040557
Enquires to: diana.besliu@gmail.com, alina.donea@sci.monash.edu.au

Released: June 23, 2005

Last modified: June 23, 2005

Collaborators: 
Charlie Lindsey 
Colorado Research Associates Division, 
NorthWest Research Associates
Boulder

Helioseismic holography is a technique used to image the sources of seismic disturbances observed at the solar surface. It has been used to detect acoustic emission, known as sun quakes, radiated from three X-class solar flares. The detection of seismic waves from powerful flares has opened a new and promising connection between helioseismology and flare physics. To understand the physics of the acoustic radiation responsible for sun quakes we have undertaken a systematic survey covering a large number of X-class solar flares observed by SOHO-MDI. We will present a statistical study of the solar quakes detected so far.
We will address questions such as:


SQ = SEISMIC RADIATION SOURCE QUAKE

Year Month Day AR L0 B0 Begin (UT) Max (UT) End (UT) Type Observations Proton Event White Flare SQ Begin (UT) SQ Max (UT) SQ End (UT) Seismic Energies 3 mHz (erg) Seismic Energies 6 mHz (erg) GOES Xray (J/m2)
1996 7 9 7978 248.5 -10.5 09:01 09:12 09:49 X 2.6 First sunquake discovered by Kosovicev; its acoustic source detected by A.C.Donea & C. Linsday -
09:01 09:13 09:19 7.50E+27 8.90E+26 7.30E-02
1997 11 4 8100 - - 05:52 05:58 06:02 X 2.1 No data X
- - - - - 5.60E-02
1997 11 6 8100 - - 11 49 11 55 12 01 X 9.4 HR centred on another AR X
- - - - - 3.60E-01
1997 11 27 8113 - - 12 59 13 17 13 20 X 2.6 Not enough data -
- - - - - 7.00E-02
1998 4 23 - - - 05 35 05 55 06 23 X 1.2 - -
- - - - - 2.40E-01
1998 4 27 8210

08 55 09 20 09 38 X 1 No data X
- - - - - 1.60E-01
1998 5 2 8210 135 -16 13 31 13 42 13 51 X 1.1 Negative -
- - - - - 6.70E-02
1998 5 6 8210 - - 07 58 08 09 08 20 X 2.7 No data X
- - - - - 2.10E-01
1998 8 17 - - - 21 10 21 20 21 30 X 1.2 - -
- - - - - 9.30E-02
1998 8 18 8307 - - 08 14 08 24 08 32 X 2.8 No data -
- - - - - 1.70E-01
1998 8 18 8307 - - 22 10 22 19 22 28 X 4.9 No data -
- - - - - 3.00E-01
1998 8 19 - - - 21 35 21 45 21 50 X 3.9 - -
- - - - - 1.50E-01
1998 8 24 8307 - - 21 50 22 12 22 35 X 1 No data X
- - - - - 1.60E-01
1998 11 22 - - - 06 30 06 42 06 49 X 3.7 - -
- - - - - 2.00E-01
1998 11 22 - - - 16 10 16 23 16 32 X 2.5 - -
- - - - - 1.60E-01
1998 11 23 8384 - - 06 28 06 44 06 58 X 2.2 No data -
- - - - - 2.40E-01
1998 11 24 - - - 02 07 02 20 02 37 X 1 - -
- - - - - 1.20E-01
1998 11 28 - - - 04 54 05 52 06 13 X 3.3 - -
- - - - - 5.00E-01
1999 8 2 8647 - - 21 18 21 25 21 38 X 1.4 HR centred on another AR -
- - - - - 1.10E-01
1999 8 28 8674 245 -19 17 52 18 05 18 18 X 1.1 Not enough data -
- - - - - 1.10E-01
1999 10 14 8731 - - 08 54 09 00 09 03 X 1.8 HR centred on another AR -
- - - - - 4.10E-02
1999 11 27 8771 - - 12 05 12 12 12 16 X 1.4 At the limb -
- - - - - 4.60E-02
2000 2 5 8858 - - 19 17 19 28 19 31 X 1.2 At the limb -
- - - - - 2.90E-02
2000 3 2 - - - 08 20 08 28 08 31 X 1.1 At the limb -
- - - - - 3.60E-02
2000 3 22 8910 - - 18 34 18 48 18 56 X 1.1 Not enough data -
- - - - - 8.70E-02
2000 3 24 8910 - - 07 41 07 52 07 59 X 1.8 Not enough data -
- - - - - 1.10E-01
2000 6 6 9026 - - 13 30 13 39 13 46 X 1.1 Not enough data -
- - - - - 8.10E-02
2000 6 6 9026 76 21 14 58 15 25 15 40 X 2.3 SQ X
14:57 15:05 15:11 2.41E+27 2.08E+26 3.60E-01
2000 6 18 9033 - - 01 52 01 59 02 03 X 1 At the limb -
- - - - - 3.40E-02
2000 7 11 9077 - - 12 12 13 10 13 35 X 1 Not enough data -
- - - - - 3.10E-01
2000 7 12 9077 - - 10 18 10 37 10 46 X 1.9 Not enough data -
- - - - - 1.40E-01
2000 7 14 9077 308 17 10 03 10 24 10 43 X 5.7 Negative X X - - - - - 7.50E-01
2000 9 30 9169 - - 23 13 23 21 23 28 X 1.2 At the limb -
- - - - - 6.20E-02
2000 11 24 9236 345 2 04 55 05 02 05 08 X 2 Possible sunquake
In progress
 X X 04:54 05:00 05:08 - - 8.30E-02
2000 11 24 9236 345 2 14 51 15 13 15 21 X 2.3 Negative - X - - - - - 1.60E-01
2000 11 24 9236 360 19 21 43 21 59 22 12 X 1.8 Negative -
- - - - - 1.60E-01
2000 11 25 9236 358 28 18 33 18 44 18 55 X 1.9 Negative -
- - - - - 1.50E-01
2000 11 26 9236 358 18 16 34 16 48 16 56 X 4 Negative -
- - - - - 2.80E-01
2001 3 29 9393 156 16 09:57 10:15 10:32 X 1.7 Negative X
- - - - - 2.20E-01
2001 4 2 9393 150 20 10:04 10:14 10:20 X 1.4 Acoustically noisy region
In progress
 -
- - - - - 8.60E-02
2001 4 2 9393 154 15 10:58 11:36 12:05 X 1.1 Negative -
- - - - - 3.00E-01
2001 4 2 9393 154 15 21:32 21:51 22:03 X 20 In progress X
- - - - - 1.50E+00
2001 4 3 9415 - - 03:25 03:57 04:55 X 1.2 At the limb -
- - - - - 4.00E-01
2001 4 6 9415 0 -25 19:10 19:21 19:31 X 5.6 SQ -
19:13 19:20/ 19:18 19:28/ 19:23 0 2.85E+26 4.10E-01
2001 4 10 9415 2 340 05:06 05:26 05:42 X 2.3 SQ X
05:01 05:04 05:09 3.35E+26 4.72E+25 3.00E-01
2001 4 12 9415 362 -21 09:39 10:28 10:42 X 2 Negative -
- - - - - 3.00E-01
2001 4 15 9415 - - 13:19 13:50 13:55 X 14.4 At the limb X
- - - - - 6.10E-01
2001 6 23 9511 - - 04:02 04:08 04:11 X 1.2 Not enough data -
- - - - - 2.60E-02
2001 8 25 9591 - - 16:23 16:45 17:04 X 5.3 Not enough data -
- - - - - 8.20E-01
2001 9 9 9608 106 -28 20:40 20:45 20:48 M 9.5 SQ - X 20:44 20:46 20:54 1.11E+27 2.05+26 2.20E-02
2001 9 24 9632 302 0 09:32 10:38 11:09 X 2.6 SQ X
09:35 09:37 09:45 0 5.97E+25 6.30E-01
2001 10 19 9661 - - 00:47 01:05 01:13 X 1.6 Not enough data -
- - - - - 1.20E-01
2001 10 19 9661 - - 16:13 16:30 16:43 X 1.6 Not enough data X
- - - - - 1.60E-01
2001 10 22 9672 - - 17:44 17:59 18:14 X 1.2 No data X
- - - - - 1.20E-01
2001 10 25 9672 270 -17 14:42 15:02 15:28 X 1.3 In progress -
- - - - - 2.30E-01
2001 11 4 9684 141 4 16:03 16:20 16:57 X 1.0 In progress -
- - - - - 2.20E-01
2001 11 22 9704 270 -18 22:32 23:30 00:06 M 9.9 No sunquake, enhanced 6 mHz acoustic glories -
- - - - - 3.10E-01
2001 11 25 - - - 09:45 09:51 09:54 X 1.1 - -
- - - - - 3.10E-02
2001 12 13 9733 - - 14:20 14:30 14:35 X 6.2 No data -
- - - - - 2.50E-01
2001 12 28 9767 - - 20:02 20:45 21:32 X 3.4 After the limb X
- - - - - 1.30E+00
2002 4 21 9906 - - 00:43 01:51